While traveling, one of the experiences we try not to miss is to listen to local music! It’s not about being an expert on the topic. It’s about letting local melodies get inside your head and move your body. As we have said before, music is an alternative way to travel too! Through it, you can know a bit more about the people of the country or city you visit.
In this sense, the mariachi is one of the most iconic elements of Mexican culture. The music itself, the suit of the singers, their popular “sombrero” (hat), and the instruments they play are internationally known.
If you are curious about mariachi or if you are planning to visit Mexico, here you have everything you need to know about Mexican mariachi!
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What’s mariachi?
Mariachi is a popular Mexican musical ensemble. In a mariachi, you can find stringed, wind instruments and vocals. Traditionally, these ensembles feature at least three musicians (guitar, guitarrón, and vihuela performers) dressed in “charro” suits. The mariachi is an important element of the Mexican tradition and identity. The word mariachi is also used to refer to every member of the musical ensemble. The performers are mariachis and the group they integrate is a mariachi.
Is mariachi a French word?
No, mariachi is not a French word. Mariachi is an indigenous Mexican word attributed to the already extinct Coca language. Coca people were an old indigenous group that settled in the region of the current Mexican states of Nayarit, Jalisco, and Colima. They lived in houses built with seashells. The ocean and the wind were their gods. They were also known because of their shaft tombs. One of the best-known Coca settlements was the one of Cocula, Jalisco in the 12th. century.
There’s a wrong version that stated, the word mariachi was the result of a misunderstanding or corruption of the French word “mariage” (wedding or marriage). These musicians used to be part of weddings’ entertainment. French people made the association between the occasion, “mariage”, and the presence of the musical group on it. And the gap created by the lack of a common language originated the confusion, so the musicians began to be called “mariache” or “mariachi”.
It’s been proved already that this version is a mistake. Historical documents show that the mariachi word and its use to refer to the Mexican musical ensemble existed so much before (at least from the 12th century) the French Intervention took place (the 1860s, 19th. century).
If you find similarity in the pronunciation of the French “mariage” and the Mexican mariachi, it’s just a phonetic coincidence.
Is mariachi Spanish or Mexican?
The mariachi is Mexican. However, its creation is the result of a mix of three influences: the indigenous Mexican, the African, and the European ones.
When the Spanish arrived in Mexico (1519), the Mexican indigenous had already developed their own musical instruments and traditions. European conquerors brought to the new continent their own music, just like the African slaves that travel with them. After a time, Mexican indigenous got interested in the foreign instruments and rhythms so they mastered them and incorporate them into their own music.
The mariachi was developed in a big Mexican region that included the current states of Sinaloa, Durango, Colima, Michoacán, Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Zacatecas, Jalisco, Nayarit and Guerrero. Jalisco is frequently mentioned as the place of its origin. But historians don’t point out a single state as the mariachi birthplace, but a whole region.
If you want to know more interesting details about the origin of mariachi, check our article “Long live the amazing Mexican mariachi!”.
Is mariachi plural or singular?
Mariachi is singular. Mariachis, plural. Mariachi can refer to both, the musical ensemble and the musician that plays in it.
What instruments are used in a mariachi?
The instruments a mariachi uses to play, and the amount of them can vary between the different groups. This is defined mostly based on regional trends. Historically, the Mexican versions of the vihuela, the guitarrón, and “guitarra de golpe” have been pointed out as the backbone sound line of the mariachi.
But talking generally, the instruments that are used in a mariachi are the following.
- Mexican vihuela.
There’s a Spanish vihuela but don’t be confused, they are not the same instrument.
- Mexican guitarrón.
- Mexican “guitarra de golpe”.
With time, it has been replaced in many groups by the classical Spanish guitar.
- Violin.
- Trumpet.
- Vocals.
The vast repertoire of mariachi also includes instrumental music and versions.
- Harp.
To know more about mariachi’s instruments, you can read “Long live to the amazing Mexican mariachi!”.
How many members does a mariachi have?
The minimum amount of members a mariachi has is three, to cover the base sound line (Mexican vihuela, guitarrón, and guitar). But there’s no limit up to integrating a mariachi. Currently, there are musical groups of six, eight, and even more than ten members.
Mariachi in Mexico has been constantly experimenting with the addition of instruments and more than one performer of the same instrument. To have more or fewer violins, more than one trumpet, flutes, accordion, etc. depends on the sound the ensemble wants to get. Some look for having a signature, something to be distinguished from other groups, emphasizing the presence of a certain instrument over others.
This totally defines the number of members mariachis have.
Who is the singer in a mariachi?
Mariachis usually don’t have a lead singer. Every member in the ensemble sings. Sometimes they sing all together during the complete song. Some songs demand a lead singer and the other mariachis only sing the chorus. The use of the voices is defined by the needs of the songs and by the musical creativity.
Can women be mariachis?
Of course, women can be mariachis. Historical documents show that already in 1903, there was a woman playing in a mariachi. Her name was Rosa Quirino. It doesn’t mean she was the only one, but maybe she is the only one who was documented at that time. Later, in 1948, an all-female mariachi ensemble was created in Mexico City, “Las Adelitas”. Its director seemed to get this idea after he saw a tropical orchestra integrated completely by women in Cuba.
What historians explain is that the context in which mariachi groups used to play were mostly rural areas and celebrations where alcohol was a constant. Some musicians were traveling from town to town for work. And such an environment, especially in the 19th century was considered not appropriate for women. That’s why mariachi grew up until a certain historical point, more like a musical tradition for men.
Currently, it’s not hard to find all-female mariachis with great musical quality!
What do mariachis wear?
Currenty, mariachis wear “charro” suit. The tightly-fitting and ornamented pants, the embroidered belt, the short jacket, vest, wide bow tie, boots, and the popular wide brim “sombrero” (hat). For women, instead of the pants, they wear a full-length skirt.
Originally, mariachis used to wear peasant garb and palm hats. This clothing was aligned with their main activity. At that time, it was not exactly a uniform for playing music.
With time, mariachis were gaining popularity and recognition as a national symbol. In this process, clothing became important and it evolved. Especially during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920), the idea for all the performers to use a uniform arose. Mariachi’s uniforms varied based on the region and budget.
With the 20th. century, the “charro” suit got into the scene. Due to its success, it became the official mariachi uniform.
You can also be interested in "The Mexican sombrero is an experience everybody should try".
What is a charro in Mexico?
In Mexico, “charro” is a horse rider or cowboy. They used to work in haciendas or ranches. In the 20th. century, their clothing style got popular. Tightly-fitting and ornamented pants, the embroidered belt, the short jacket or just a “sarape”, wide bow tie, boots, and the popular wide brim “sombrero”.
Depending on which hacienda the rider came from, suits varied in colors, shapes, and the material used to tailor them. So you could have humble and very expensive suits.
Currently, charros exist in Mexico but they don’t use this iconic clothing on a daily basis. This specific suit still can be seen in exhibitions and in “Charrería” events.
What is Charrería in Mexico?
“Charrería” is a Mexican sport that mixes equestrian activities with livestock traditions used in the haciendas of the old Mexican times.
What is the difference between a charro and a mariachi?
In Mexico, a “charro” is a horse rider, a cowboy, or someone who works with livestock in a ranch or hacienda. A “charro” can also be a person involved in “Charrería” (Mexican sport). While a mariachi is a Mexican musician who plays and sings in the traditional ensemble called mariachi too.
The differences in their suits come basically from the purpose they use them. “Charros” need lighter suits to execute the physical challenges the “Charrería” (sport) demands. While mariachis look for more flashy suits for their shows.
How much does a mariachi suit cost?
The “charro” style suit involves three pieces, the pants, the jacket, and the vest. Really cheap “charro” suits can cost around $90 (USD). A tailored one can start around $300 (USD). Differences in price are based on the quality of the fabric and the embroidery design. Humbler suit’s versions avoid the embroidery. The more ornaments you add, the more expensive the suit will be.
Don’t forget that the budget should include extra money for a shirt, the “sombrero”, a tie, a belt, the boots, and a “sarape” (optional).
There are very expensive “charro” suits. They can reach $17,000 (USD). Of course, they are made of elegant and high-quality fabrics, complex and handmade embroidery, additions like gold or silver buttons, and ornaments.
And don’t be confused. Here we talk about a real “charro” suit, not a costume. There are really cheap “charro” costumes, you can shop online for $30 USD and up.
How much does the mariachi outfit weigh?
A mariachi outfit can weigh up to 5 or 6 kilos. Remember that it is a work tool, so the preferred fabrics to make the suits are thick, for them to last longer. Besides, ornaments and buttons are made from metals, commonly alpaca (nickel silver). But the ones that use silver can go up to 10 kilos.
How long does it take to make a mariachi outfit?
Making a complete mariachi suit can take up to five days. Especially, if it involves designs from scratch and handmade embroidery.
On what occasions do mariachis play?
In Mexico, mariachis play in occasions like engagements, weddings, birthdays, baptisms, serenatas, religious and other holidays, and funerals. After all, their repertoire is vast and it includes all kinds of emotional songs (happy, angry, sad, slow, fast, etc. songs).
Where can I find mariachis in Mexico?
There are different choices. You can find mariachis in tourist spots like public plazas or downtown. Different Mexican restaurants and bars include a mariachi, as a part of their amenities. Public events during national or religious celebrations can be an opportunity to listen to mariachi. If you go to a birthday, wedding or even to a funeral, there could be a mariachi.
The different states of Mexico usually have a specific place to find mariachis, you should ask the locals. For instance, in the capital, Mexico City, there’s “Plaza Garibaldi” located in the historic downtown. It’s known as “the home of mariachi music”. Guadalajara has “Plaza de los Mariachis”, and so on.
How much does a mariachi cost in Mexico?
Per every song you request to the mariachi, the price can go from $5 to $7 (USD). Usually is how mariachi charges you when the group is in a public place or passing by a restaurant, plaza, street, or bar.
Per hour or per serenata, a mariachi can cost from $97, to $145 (USD) and more.
The price depends on different factors. If the mariachi has to move to a specific address (serenata) or if they play on the place you found it. The number of songs. The number of mariachis (musicians) in the ensemble.
Usually, an hour of serenata means around 45 minutes of music. Based on the length of the songs, it can mean from 8 to 10 songs. A five-member mariachi can be enough for a good mariachi sound. If you are interested in having a specific instrument like trumpet, harp, or violin, you should check it. Not all groups use the same combination of instruments. You can always negotiate to get more songs, time, etc.
If you are lucky and find a mariachi playing in a public event, the experience can be zero cost for you. Or you can only give a tip to the musical group if you like it.
Always be sure about the cost. To directly assume that mariachi, like whatever other product or service, is for free can be an expensive mistake. If they get close to you for singing, if you feel like requesting them a specific song, ask first and very clearly the price and conditions.
How much do you tip mariachis?
Some people recommend considering how many members the mariachi has to give the tip. Meaning, an amount that once divided, still can be something for every mariachi’s member. But frequently, they are six or more musicians. And honestly, you also have to consider your own budget. Especially in public events and restaurants, we saw people tipping from a couple of American dollars, 5 USD, 10 USD, 15 USD, and more (2020 reference).
There’s no standard amount to tip mariachi in Mexico. And the tip is mostly voluntary! If you don´t like the mariachi, you don’t have to tip.
Just be aware that some restaurants and bars include the mariachi for free (tip is optional). But some mariachis get into those places expecting a fee per every song they sing to you. Some places also establish a minimum amount for the tip. Always check this first. You have totally the right to know the conditions to get this entertainment. If you are ok with the required tip, go ahead. But if it looks not good for you, step back before you get involved in an uncomfortable situation.
What topics does mariachi sing about?
Mariachi sings about all types of topics: love, birth, death, age, honor, national pride, life challenges, betrayal, breakup, jealousy, machismo, women, men, Politics, revolutionary heroes, freedom, poorness, richness, alcoholism, courage, hard-work, animals, country and city life. The mariachi explores all human emotions.
Why do mariachis shout in their songs?
“Gritos” or shouts in the Mexican musical context are frequently part of the way Mexicans celebrate. Mariachis shout in their songs to express pride, joy, or excitement.
Why do mariachis say “Viva Mexico”?
“Viva Mexico” means “long live Mexico”. Mariachis say the phrase to express they are proud of their country, identity, music, etc.
How does a mariachi sound?
Our opinion is, a mariachi sounds alive, powerful, loud, energetic, and emotional. Check by yourself. Here we have a small sample for you to taste it “Long live the amazing Mexican mariachi!”.
Is all Mexican music mariachi?
Of course not all Mexican music is mariachi. That is another mistaken idea people get basically, from the movies. Exactly like to think that all Mexicans wear the wide brim “sombrero” on a daily basis.
The Regional Mexican Music genre is really wide it includes Ranchero (mariachi), Norteño, Jarocho, Banda, Corrido, Grupero, Duranguense, etc. Besides, you can find Pop, Rock, Nortec, Cumbia, etc.
Is ranchera the same as mariachi music?
No, ranchera is not the same as mariachi music. Ranchera music is a genre of traditional Mexican music. The word refers to music that originated in the ranches. Mariachi is a Mexican musical ensemble, not a musical genre. Due to the origin of both, the musical ranchero genre and the ensemble, they are very linked. Ranchero songs have been performed by mariachi for decades. But “rancheras” can be performed in all kinds of Mexican regional music styles. Just like mariachi can perform other genres, modern ones included. You can see some examples clicking here: “Long live the amazing Mexican mariachi!”.
What is the most requested mariachi song?
“Las Mañanitas” is so far the most requested mariachi song. It’s the Mexican equivalent of the American “Happy birthday”. This has total sense if you consider birthdays are a common occasion to celebrate and to have serenata. This song is the way to start it and to surprise the birthday girl or boy.
What songs should I request a mariachi?
There are many songs you can request a mariachi, but here you have our proposal:
- Mexico Lindo y Querido.
- El Son de la Negra.
- La Bikina.
- El Rey.
- Cielito Lindo.
- El Aventurero.
- Volver, Volver.
- La Cucaracha.
- 100 años.
- Cucurrucucú Paloma.
Top 3 mariachi songs.
This is absolutely our personal opinion, guys:
- El Aventurero.
It’s fun and it has a great, fast rhythm.
- Cielito Lindo.
The Mexican "war" song to support Mexicans in international competitions, like football ones. And it’s actually a positive and romantic song dedicated to a lady.
- La Bikina.
Mariachi sounds different, slower, less thunderous, more melodic.
What’s the difference between mariachi and banda music?
There’s a big difference between mariachi and banda music: instrumentation. Banda musical groups mainly use brass, winds, and percussions. A louder combination of instruments than the mariachi one. Mariachi is based on stringed instruments with the addition of a wind instrument, the trumpet. The different instrumentation used by banda and mariachi gives as a result a really different sound. Also, the vocals style is different. There’s no way to confuse them.
What is the most famous mariachi?
The most famous mariachi is the “Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlán”. It was founded in 1898 by Gaspar Vargas in Tecalitlán, Jalisco. It’s the oldest Mexican mariachi ensemble and its popularity has reached the international level. They are still playing. The group has been a family business for many generations already.
Other famous mariachis:
- “Mariachi México de Pepe Villa”, founded in 1953 and still playing.
- “Mariachi Internacional de Guadalajara”, founded in 1989.
What is the most famous mariachi singer?
To point out only a name as the most famous mariachi singer is hard. When you ask Mexicans, they have a long list in mind. And they have at least two categories, old and contemporary most famous singers.
Old famous mariachi singers: Pedro Infante, Jorge Negrete, José Alfredo Jiménez (also composer).
Contemporary famous mariachi singers: Vicente Fernández, Alejandro Fernández, Pepe Aguilar, Pedro Fernández.
All of them have become internationally famous, due to a large amount of sold albums and sold-out arenas.
Who is the most famous female mariachi singer?
The most famous female mariachi singer in Mexico is Aída Cuevas.
You can also be interested in "The Mexican sombrero is an experience everybody should try". Or "Long live the amazing Mexican mariachi!".
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